IP Address kya hota hai aur ye kaise kaam karta hai is baat ke jawab ne kai logon ko uljha rakha hai. Internet par bhi kai log samjhna chahte hain ki aakhir IP Address kya hota hai. Darasal internet ek jaal hai aur IP Address usi jaal ka ek tool hai. Jiske baare me internet users ko aksar sunne ko milta hai. Aap aur ham jo bhi computer, laptop, tablet chalate hain un sabhi ka apna alag-alag unique IP Address hota hai aur isi IP Address ke kasran Internet Service Provider (ISP) hamare gadget tak internet ko pahuchate hain.
IP Address kya hota hai?
IP Address ka pura naam Internet Protocol Address hota hai. Ye har device ke liye alag-alag hota hai. IP Address ek aisi method hai jiske jariye jab bhi internet par user kuch bhi search karta hai to router us jaankari ko ikaatha karke us IP Address tak pahucha deta hai jaha se use command di gai thi. IP Address char bhago me bata hota hai. Ye kuch is tarah dikhai deta hai 123.129.1.10 IP Address ko 32 bit binary digit se banaya jaata hai jise yaad rakhna behad mushkil hota hai isliye ise char bhago me baat diya gaya hai. Iske har bhag me 0 se lekar 255 tak ki sankhya ho sakti hai aur 4 digit de baad decimal ka prayog hota hai.
IP address ke type
IP address do type ka hota hai. Pahla hota hai Private IP Address aur dusra hota hai Public IP Address
1) Private IP Address : Jab bhi koi computer, smartphone ya koi anya device wireless ya cable ke rup me aaps me connect hote hai tab ye private network banate hai. Is network ki madad se files ya resources ko aasani se share kiya jaa sakta hai. Is process ke liye use kiya janewala address Private IP Address kahlata hai.
2) Public IP Address : Ye IP Address internet service provider (ISP) dwara prayog kiya jata hai aur user ise badal nahi sakta. Ye internet ki duniya me unique hota hai. Ye IP sidhe internet se connect hota hai.
IP Address kaise pata kare?
Kisi bhi computer ka IP Address pata karne ke do tarike hai.
1) Pahla tarika bada aasan hai jisme aap online apne IP Address ko chek kar sakte hai. Iske liye aapko Google par jakar search karna hai “What is my IP” aapke itna search karte hi aapke samne aapka IP Address aa jayega.
2) IP Address pata karne ka dusra tarika thoda mushkil hai. Isme aapko computer ke start menu par click karna hai. Iske baaad aapko ‘Run’ par click karna hai. Run me aapko ‘cmd’ type karke ok karna hai. Iske baad aapke saamne cmd prompt open ho jayega. Isme aapko ipconfig type karke enter dabana hai aur aapko aapka IP Address mil jayega.
IP Address Standard
Kisi bhi network par istemaal hone wale IP Address ke do standard hote hai.
IPv4 (Internet Protocol Version 4) : Ye IP ka fourth version hai jise network device ki pahchan ke liye istemaal kiya jata hai. Ye IP 32 bit lamba hota hai aur ye 4,294,967,296 address ko sapport karta hai. Isme 10.0.0 aur 127.0.0.0 vishes uddeshyo ke liye reserve hote hai.
2) IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6) : Internet aajkal teji se failta jaa raha hai aur duniya men lagataar smartphone, computer, laptop ki sankhya badhti jaa rahi hai aise me jitne device honge utne hi IP Address jaruri honge. Future me 32 bit lambe IPv4 ke khatm hone ki aashanka ke chalte IPv6 ko banaya gaya. Ye 128 bit lamba hota hai isliye 2^128 Internet Address ko support karta hai jo 340.282.366.920.938.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000 ke barabar hai.
Isme bahut sare address hote hai aur ye bahut lambe samay tak internet operation jaari rakhne ke liye paryapt se bhi adhik hai.
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